BEKSAN BANDABAYA REPRESENTASI AJARAN KEPEMIMPINAN ASTHABRATA K.G.P.A.A. PAKU ALAM IX

Abstract

RINGKASAN

Penelitian ini akan menjelaskan konsep kepemimpinan antara Beksan Bandabaya dengan naskah Asthabrata di Pura Pakualaman pada masa K.G.P.A.A. Paku Alam IX (bertahta 1999— 2015). Tari yang Bandabaya berasal dari masa K.G.P.A.A. Paku Alam II (bertahta 1829—1858). Beksan Bandabaya merupakan tari yang disajikan oleh empat orang penari laki-laki berkarakter gagah, menggambarkan prajurit yang sedang berlatih perang dengan menggunakan pedang dan perisai. Berdampingan dengan tari, terdapat karya sastra mengenai Asthabrata yang juga berasal dari masa K.G.P.A.A. Paku Alam II. Asthabrata merupakan ajaran kepemimpinan yang ideal melalui teladan karakter 8 dewa. Masing-masing adalah Batara Indra berkarakter bijak bestari, Batara Yama berkarakter adil dalam menegakkan hukum, Batara Surya berkarakter cermat dalam urusan keuangan, Batara Candra mempunyai pesona dan kepribadian yang memikat, Batara Bayu berkepribadian kuat dan tidak mudah terhasut, Batara Wisnu berkarakter asketis dan petapa, Batara Brama mempunyai karakter berani dan mahir bersiasat, dan Batara Baruna mempunyai karakter bersahaja dan mampu mengayomi. Pada masa K.G.P.A.A. Paku Alam IX terdapat 12 manuskrip dan sebuah buku tercetak berisi ajaran kepemimpinan yang bernama Asthabrata tersebut. Beksan Bandabaya dan Asthabrata diteliti menggunakan pendekatan etnografi dengan sudut pandang emik maupun etik.

ABSTRACT

This research tries to explain the relationship between a choreography called Beksan Bandabaya and a script entitled Asthabrata in the reign of Prince Paku Alam IX (reigned in 1999—2015). Dances in Pura Pakualaman are never directly related to or become a means of a ritual. One of the dances which is often performed in some occasions is Beksan Bandabaya. Beksan Bandabaya is a male dance with gallant characteristic. The dance is performed by four male dancers, which depicts 4 soldiers exercising their fighting, using their sword and shield. This dance, which was created in the reign of Paku Alam II (reigned in 1829—1858), was also performed outside the Pakualaman palace. Alongside with the dance, there is a literary work about Asthabrata, which was also originated in the reign of Prince Paku Alam II. Asthabrata is an idealistic leadership teaching through the example of 8 Gods. They are Batara Indra, who is wise, Batara Yama, who is just in upholding the law, Batara Surya, who is careful in managing money, Batara Candra, who has a great charm with exciting personality, Batara Bayu, who has a strong personality and firm, Batara Wisnu, who is ascetic and he is also a hermit, Batara Brama, who is brave and clever, and Batara Baruna, who is humble and protective. In the reign of Prince Paku Alam IX, there were 12 manuscripts and a printed book about the leadership teaching entitled Asthabrata. The two material objects above, Beksan Bandabaya and Asthabrata were observed with ethnographic approach with emic and ethic point of view. Beksan Bandabaya was analyzed and interpreted by using the theory of symbolic interactionism, while the leadership teaching of Asthabrata was analyzed and interpreted by using a leadership concept.